托福PPTest1语法题笔记篇(1)

t is basic   答案：A 分析：instrument可数，前面应该有限定词a。and前为一简单句。 参考译文：铙钹在军乐队里是一个基本的乐器，而且还经常在现代管弦乐里使用。   8. In instrumentalist philosophy, ideas and knowledge are exclusively functional processes: they are of significance only _________ instrumental in the development of experience. A. as they are B. are they C. there are D. are   答案：A 分析：两个谓语需要有一个conj.来连接。一个句子中出现2个谓语且没有连接词就一定错。 参考译文：在乐器演奏家的哲学里面，思想和知识是专有排外性的功能性的过程。他们的重要意义仅限于在经验发展的过程中，用于乐器演奏。   9. _________ either by cooling or by depriving the fire of oxygen, and most do both. A. Working fire extinguishers B. Fire extinguishers that work C. Fire extinguishers work D. The work of fire extinguishers   答案：C 分析：空格中缺主谓。A中没有谓语；B中that多余，因为句中只有一个谓语；D也没有谓语。 参考译文：灭火器的通过冷却或者减少火中的氧气的方法工作的，大多数时候两个方法都会用到。   10. The introduction of mass-production methods enabled many people _________ and gave them an unprecedented amount of mobility. A. to purchase their own automobiles B. their own to purchase automobiles C. to their own purchase automobiles D. own their automobiles to purchase   答案：A 分析：为固定结构enable sb to do sth. 参考译文：规模生产方法的产生，使得人们能够买自己的车，并获得了空前的灵活性。

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  11. Frances Perkins, _________ of the United States cabinet, served in the cabinet as secretary of labor from 1933 to 1945. A. the first female member B. was the first female member C. the first female member who D. of whom the first female member   答案：A 分析：主语同位语结构。B中多了一个谓语was，因为后面已经有一个谓语动词served, 一个句子中出现2个谓语且没有连接词就一定错; C中who多余，用法也不正确；D中of whom多余，不是定语从句，考的是同位语结构。 参考译文：Frances Perkins，是美国内阁的第一为女性成员，她从1933到1945年在内阁担任劳工部秘书。   12. When _________ to dough and heated, carbon dioxide is released, causing the dough to rise. A. is added baking powder B. added baking powder is C. is baking powder added D. baking powder is added   答案：D 分析：When为状语从句引导词；语序应该为正常语序，A，C错；B语序混乱，明显应该用被动形式，而且有固定结构add to。 参考译文：当把烘烤用粉加到面团里加热的时候，会释放出二氧化碳，使得面团涨开。   13. _________ the percentage of individuals with similar traits in succeeding generations, geneticists use the theory of probability. A. The calculation of B. To calculate C. Is calculating D. Calculated   答案：B 分析：to calculate,这里用不定式表示“目的”，前半句的逻辑主语是geneticists，只有B符合要求；A中只有主语，句子不完整。 参考译文：遗传学家运用概率的理论来计算在后代中拥有相似特点个体占有的百分比。 补充: 如同A的形式, 逗号前面就是一个名词短语, 然而正确的句子里, 名词短语要么作为主语的同位语, 要么本身是主语, 如11题. 否则就是脱离句子成分, 成为错误.   14. Big-band jazz relies on fixed arrangements, where _________ than one instrument playing some of the parts, rather than on improvisation. A. is more B. whenever more C. there is more D. more   答案：C 分析：where引导状语从句，后面缺主谓。 参考译文：大型乐队爵士依赖

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