Zeuxis' judgment that he had failed in his later work was based on an assumption. Which of the follow- ing can have served as that assumption?
(A) People are more easily fooled by illusionistic techniques than are birds.
(B) The use of illusionistic techniques in painting had become commonplace by the time Zeuxis completed his later work.
(C) The grapes in the later painting were even more realistic than the ones in the earlier work.
(D) Birds are less likely to peck at fruit when they see that a human being is present.
(E) After the success of his early work. Zeuxis was unable to live up to the expectations of the general public.
8. The best argument for the tenure system that protects professional employment in universities is that it allows veteran faculty to hire people smarter than they are and yet remain secure in the knowledge that unless they themselves are caught in an act of moral turpitude-a concept that in the present climate almost defies defini- tion-the younger faculty cannot turn around and fire them. This is not true in industry.
Which of the following assumptions is most likely to have been made by the author of the argument above?
(A) Industry should follow the example of universities and protect the jobs of managers by instituting a tenure system.
(B) If no tenure system existed, veteran faculty would be reluctant to hire new faculty who might threaten the veteran faculty's own jobs.
(C) The traditional argument that the tenure system protects scholars in universities from being dismissed for holding unconventional or unpopular beliefs is no longer persuasive.
(D) If a stronger consensus concerning what constitutes moral turpitude existed, the tenure system in universities would be expendable.
(E) Veteran faculty will usually hire and promote new faculty whose scholarship is more up-to- date than their own.
Questions 9-15
The appellate court of a state in the United States is staffed by exactly eight judges-R, S, T, U, V, W, X, and Y. At the beginning of each session of the court, the clerk of the court announces two panels of three judges each, one to hear criminal cases and one to hear civil cases.
No judge can serve on more than one panel at a session of the court.
At least two members of the panel hearing criminal cases must have had prior experience with crimi- nal cases. The judges with experience in criminal cases, listed in order of descending seniority, are R, S, T, and U.
At least two member of the panel hearing civil cases must have had prior experience with civil cases. The judges with experience in civil cases, listed in order of descending seniority, are V, W, X, and Y.
The presiding judge of each panel is the judge among the three on the panel with the greatest seniority in the area of the cases.
Each of the three major geographical regions of the state must be represented on every panel by exactly one judge. Judges S and W are from the western part of the state; Judges R, U, and Y are from the central part of the state; and Judges T, V, and X are from the eastern part of the state.
If a judge cannot serve on a panel because of illness or conflict of interest, his or her place can be taken only by a judge who meets the necessary conditions for the panel.
9. Which of the following could be the panel of judges selected to hear civil cases?
(A) R, S, V (B) S, U, X (C) T, W, Y
(D) U, V, Y (E) V, X, Y
10. If X is the presiding judge of the panel selected to hear civil cases, which of the following must be the other two members of that panel?
(A) R and W (B) S and U (C) S and Y
(D) T and Y (E) U and V
11. Which of the following could be the panel of judges selected to hear criminal cases?
(A) R, S, X (B) R, V, W (C) S, T, W
(D) S, V, Y (E) T, U, X
12. The judges selected to serve on any panel announced by the clerk of the court must include either
(A) R or U (B) R or Y (C) S or W
(D) T or V (E) T or X
13. If the panel of judges hearing criminal cases consists of T, U, and W, and if U withdraws because of a conflict of interest and is replaced, which of the following judges will be the presiding judge of the panel hearing criminal cases after U has been replaced?
(A) R (B) S (C) T (D) W (E) Y
14. If V cannot serve on either panel and if the panel of judges hearing civil cases consists of U, W, and X, all of the following must