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ogical consequence of this development, separate journals have now appeared aimed mainly towards either professional or amateur readership. A rather similar process of differentiation has led to professional geologists coming together nationally within one or two specific societies, whereas the amateurs have tended either to remain in local societies or to come together nationally in a different way.ª¥
Although the process of professionalisation and specialization was already well under way in British geology during the nineteenth century, its full consequences were thus delayed until the twentieth century. In science generally, however, the nineteenth century must be reckoned as the crucial period for this change in the structure of science.
51£®The growth of specialization in the 19th century might be more clearly seen in sciences such as _________.
£ÛA£Ýsociology and chemistry
£ÛB£Ýphysics and psychology
£ÛC£Ýsociology and psychology
£ÛD£Ýphysics and chemistry
52£®We can infer from the passage that _________.
£ÛA£Ý there is little distinction between specialization and
professionalisation
£ÛB£Ýamateurs can compete with professionals in some areas of science
£ÛC£Ýprofessionals tend to welcome amateurs into the scientific community
£ÛD£Ýamateurs have national academic societies but no local ones
53£®The author writes of the development of geology to demonstrate _________.
£ÛA£Ýthe process of specialization and professionalisation
£ÛB£Ýthe hardship of amateurs in scientific study
£ÛC£Ýthe change of policies in scientific publications
£ÛD£Ýthe discrimination of professionals against amateurs
54£®The direct reason for specialization is _________.
£ÛA£Ýthe development in communication
£ÛB£Ýthe growth of professionalisation
£ÛC£Ýthe expansion of scientific knowledge
£ÛD£Ýthe splitting up of academic societies

¹²4Ò³: 1 [2] [3] [4]

Passage 2ª¥
A great deal of attention is being paid today to the so called digital divide-the division of the world into the info(information) rich and the info poor. And that divide does exist today. My wife and I lectured about this looming danger twenty years ago. What was less visible then, however, were the new, positive forces that work against the digital divide. There are reasons to be optimistic.ª¥
There are technological reasons to hope the digital divide will narrow. As the Internet becomes more and more commercialized, it is in the interest of business to universalize access-after all, the more people online, the more potential customers there are. More and more governments, afraid their countries will be left behind, want to spread Internet access. Within the next decade or two, one to two billion people on the planet will be netted together. As a result, I now believe the digital divide will narrow rather than widen in the years ah

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