ems， clothing， and processed foods， etc. Ship building and petroleum refining are also important.
这是一篇关于新加坡的文章。我们先看一段。上面我们说了，在做概括大意这类题目时，先找段落的主题句。第一段好像没有哪一句话能概括全段的主题思想。这种段落属于无主题句段落。叙述的都是细节内容。这时要根据段落论述的中心或焦点进行提炼，跳出具体细节，从整体上把握段落，概括出全段的大意。本段涉及到新加坡的地理位置、国土面积，首都等，显然是对新加坡的一个简单介绍。介绍的英文单词是introduction，所以该段的小标题为 Introduction to Singapore.
下面我们来看第二段。发现这一段也均为情节句， 没有一句概括性的句子，表明该段也无主题句段落。这就要求我们根据细节内容把该段的主题概括出来。该段的前两句讲到新加坡岛地势不高，中部有些小山，最高只有176米。接下来说的是该国气候属于热带雨林气候，年平均温度在摄氏27.2度，年平均降雨量为2，413毫米，十一月至一月份雨量最为充沛。由此看来，该段讲的是新加坡的地势及气候的情况。原小标题中已给出了气候这个词，空出来的单词给出了第一个字母L，所以这里应填Land.
那么第三段的标题该怎样命呢？不难看出，该段的第一句为主题句。说的是新加坡是按照1959年修正后的宪法来治国的。接下来展开叙述，均为细节内容。如总统为国家元首，四年一任，总理为政府首脑。过去总统由议会选出，根据地991年修正的宪法，现在总统由国民直接选取出。议会是制订法律的机关等。由此看来， 这一段是在叙述国家的体制，即 State System.
第四段似乎也没有主题句。但该段的内容很明显，是在讲新加坡的教育情况，所以小标题为Education.
我们再来分析一下第五段。这一段的第一句话显然是该段的主题句，它说的是“新加坡在众多亚洲国家中享有较高的生活水平。”为什么说新加坡人民的生活水平高呢？下面的每句话都围绕这一主题展开论述。首先讲在八十年代后期新加坡的国内生产总值达237亿美元，人均八千多美元。接着讲新加坡的渔业。再接着讲自六十年代以来，新加坡的工业发展迅速，并能生产出各种产品。最后又讲新加坡的造船业和石油加工工业也很重要。这些都属于细节内容，是为支持主题句而服务的。根据本段的主题句，我们就可以概括出它的标题。“新加坡人民生活水平高”说明经济发达。所以该段的标题应该是“Economy of Singapore”（新加坡的经济）。下面叙述的细节也是有关新加坡的经济情况的。标题中给出的字母“E”即起到了揭示作用，同时也起到了限定的作用。它揭示我们要填“Economy”这个词，而且限定我们只能填这个词。
Women‘s Rights Movement
46. R- of Women
Women‘s rights are guarantees of political， social， and ***nomic equality for women in a society that traditionally gives more power and freedom to men. Among these rights are control of property， equality of opportunity in education and employment， right of voting， and freedom of marriage. Today， complete political， ***nomic， and social equality with men remains to be achieved.
47. Traditional Sta- of Women
Male control was obvious from the time of the earliest written historical r***rds， Probably as a result of men‘s role in hunting and warfare. The belief that women were naturally weaker and inferior to men was also found in god-centered religions. Therefore， in most traditional societies， women generally were at a disadvantage. Their education was limited to learning domestic skills， and they had no access to positions of power. A woman had no legal control over her person， her own land and money， or her children.
48. S- of Women‘s Rights Movement.
The Age of Enlightenment （启蒙时期）and the Industrial Revolution， which caused ***nomic and social progress， provided a favorable climate for the rise of women‘s rights movement in the late 18th and the 19th century. In 1848 more than 100 persons held the first women’s rights convention in New York， and the feminists （女权主义者） demanded equal rights， including the vote.
49. Dev-
In the late 1960s women made up about40 percent of the work force in England， France， Germany， and the United States. This figure rose to more than 50 percent by the mid-1980s. A commission under the President was established in 1960 to consider equal opportunities for women. Acts of Congress entitled them to equality in education， employment， and legal rights. In 1964 the
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